/* phonetic.c - routines to do phonetic matching */
/* $OpenLDAP: pkg/ldap/servers/slapd/phonetic.c,v 1.19.2.4 2007/01/02 21:43:57 kurt Exp $ */
/* This work is part of OpenLDAP Software <http://www.openldap.org/>.
*
* Copyright 1998-2007 The OpenLDAP Foundation.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
* Public License.
*
* A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
* top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
* <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
*/
/* Portions Copyright (c) 1995 Regents of the University of Michigan.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
* provided that this notice is preserved and that due credit is given
* to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. The name of the University
* may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
* software without specific prior written permission. This software
* is provided ``as is'' without express or implied warranty.
*/
#include "portable.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ac/ctype.h>
#include <ac/string.h>
#include <ac/socket.h>
#include <ac/time.h>
#include "slap.h"
#if !defined(SLAPD_METAPHONE) && !defined(SLAPD_PHONETIC)
#define SLAPD_METAPHONE
#endif
#define iswordbreak(x) (!isascii(x) || isspace((unsigned char) (x)) || \
ispunct((unsigned char) (x)) || \
isdigit((unsigned char) (x)) || (x) == '\0')
#if 0
static char *
first_word( char *s )
{
if ( s == NULL ) {
return( NULL );
}
while ( iswordbreak( *s ) ) {
if ( *s == '\0' ) {
return( NULL );
} else {
s++;
}
}
return( s );
}
static char *
next_word( char *s )
{
if ( s == NULL ) {
return( NULL );
}
while ( ! iswordbreak( *s ) ) {
s++;
}
while ( iswordbreak( *s ) ) {
if ( *s == '\0' ) {
return( NULL );
} else {
s++;
}
}
return( s );
}
static char *
word_dup( char *w )
{
char *s, *ret;
char save;
for ( s = w; !iswordbreak( *s ); s++ )
; /* NULL */
save = *s;
*s = '\0';
ret = ch_strdup( w );
*s = save;
return( ret );
}
#endif /* 0 */
#ifndef MAXPHONEMELEN
#define MAXPHONEMELEN 4
#endif
#if defined(SLAPD_PHONETIC)
/* lifted from isode-8.0 */
char *
phonetic( char *s )
{
char code, adjacent, ch;
char *p;
int i;
char phoneme[MAXPHONEMELEN + 1];
p = s;
if ( p == NULL || *p == '\0' ) {
return( NULL );
}
adjacent = '0';
phoneme[0] = TOUPPER((unsigned char)*p);
phoneme[1] = '\0';
for ( i = 0; i < 99 && (! iswordbreak(*p)); p++ ) {
ch = TOUPPER ((unsigned char)*p);
code = '0';
switch (ch) {
case 'B':
case 'F':
case 'P':
case 'V':
code = (adjacent != '1') ? '1' : '0';
break;
case 'S':
case 'C':
case 'G':
case 'J':
case 'K':
case 'Q':
case 'X':
case 'Z':
code = (adjacent != '2') ? '2' : '0';
break;
case 'D':
case 'T':
code = (adjacent != '3') ? '3' : '0';
break;
case 'L':
code = (adjacent != '4') ? '4' : '0';
break;
case 'M':
case 'N':
code = (adjacent != '5') ? '5' : '0';
break;
case 'R':
code = (adjacent != '6') ? '6' : '0';
break;
default:
adjacent = '0';
}
if ( i == 0 ) {
adjacent = code;
i++;
} else if ( code != '0' ) {
if ( i == MAXPHONEMELEN )
break;
adjacent = phoneme[i] = code;
i++;
}
}
if ( i > 0 )
phoneme[i] = '\0';
return( ch_strdup( phoneme ) );
}
#elif defined(SLAPD_METAPHONE)
/*
* Metaphone was originally developed by Lawrence Philips and
* published in the "Computer Language" magazine in 1990.
*/
/*
* Metaphone copied from C Gazette, June/July 1991, pp 56-57,
* author Gary A. Parker, with changes by Bernard Tiffany of the
* University of Michigan, and more changes by Tim Howes of the
* University of Michigan.
*/
/* Character coding array */
static const char vsvfn[26] = {
1, 16, 4, 16, 9, 2, 4, 16, 9, 2, 0, 2, 2,
/* A B C D E F G H I J K L M */
2, 1, 4, 0, 2, 4, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0};
/* N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z */
/* Macros to access character coding array */
#define vowel(x) ((x) != '\0' && vsvfn[(x) - 'A'] & 1) /* AEIOU */
#define same(x) ((x) != '\0' && vsvfn[(x) - 'A'] & 2) /* FJLMNR */
#define varson(x) ((x) != '\0' && vsvfn[(x) - 'A'] & 4) /* CGPST */
#define frontv(x) ((x) != '\0' && vsvfn[(x) - 'A'] & 8) /* EIY */
#define noghf(x) ((x) != '\0' && vsvfn[(x) - 'A'] & 16) /* BDH */
char *
phonetic( char *Word )
{
char *n, *n_start, *n_end; /* pointers to string */
char *metaph_end; /* pointers to metaph */
char ntrans[40]; /* word with uppercase letters */
int KSflag; /* state flag for X -> KS */
char buf[MAXPHONEMELEN + 2];
char *Metaph;
/*
* Copy Word to internal buffer, dropping non-alphabetic characters
* and converting to upper case
*/
for (n = ntrans + 4, n_end = ntrans + 35; !iswordbreak( *Word ) &&
n < n_end; Word++) {
if (isalpha((unsigned char)*Word))
*n++ = TOUPPER((unsigned char)*Word);
}
Metaph = buf;
*Metaph = '\0';
if (n == ntrans + 4) {
return( ch_strdup( buf ) ); /* Return if null */
}
n_end = n; /* Set n_end to end of string */
/* ntrans[0] will always be == 0 */
ntrans[0] = '\0';
ntrans[1] = '\0';
ntrans[2] = '\0';
ntrans[3] = '\0';
*n++ = 0;
*n++ = 0;
*n++ = 0;
*n = 0; /* Pad with nulls */
n = ntrans + 4; /* Assign pointer to start */
/* Check for PN, KN, GN, AE, WR, WH, and X at start */
switch (*n) {
case 'P':
case 'K':
case 'G':
/* 'PN', 'KN', 'GN' becomes 'N' */
if (*(n + 1) == 'N')
*n++ = 0;
break;
case 'A':
/* 'AE' becomes 'E' */
if (*(n + 1) == 'E')
*n++ = 0;
break;
case 'W':
/* 'WR' becomes 'R', and 'WH' to 'H' */
if (*(n + 1) == 'R')
*n++ = 0;
else if (*(n + 1) == 'H') {
*(n + 1) = *n;
*n++ = 0;
}
break;
case 'X':
/* 'X' becomes 'S' */
*n = 'S';
break;
}
/*
* Now, loop step through string, stopping at end of string or when
* the computed 'metaph' is MAXPHONEMELEN characters long
*/
KSflag = 0; /* state flag for KS translation */
for (metaph_end = Metaph + MAXPHONEMELEN, n_start = n;
n <= n_end && Metaph < metaph_end; n++) {
if (KSflag) {
KSflag = 0;
*Metaph++ = 'S';
} else {
/* Drop duplicates except for CC */
if (*(n - 1) == *n && *n != 'C')
continue;
/* Check for F J L M N R or first letter vowel */
if (same(*n) || (n == n_start && vowel(*n)))
*Metaph++ = *n;
else
switch (*n) {
case 'B':
/*
* B unless in -MB
*/
if (n == (n_end - 1) && *(n - 1) != 'M')
*Metaph++ = *n;
break;
case 'C':
/*
* X if in -CIA-, -CH- else S if in
* -CI-, -CE-, -CY- else dropped if
* in -SCI-, -SCE-, -SCY- else K
*/
if (*(n - 1) != 'S' || !frontv(*(n + 1))) {
if (*(n + 1) == 'I' && *(n + 2) == 'A')
*Metaph++ = 'X';
else if (frontv(*(n + 1)))
*Metaph++ = 'S';
else if (*(n + 1) == 'H')
*Metaph++ = ((n == n_start && !vowel(*(n + 2)))
|| *(n - 1) == 'S')
? (char) 'K' : (char) 'X';
else
*Metaph++ = 'K';
}
break;
case 'D':
/*
* J if in DGE or DGI or DGY else T
*/
*Metaph++ = (*(n + 1) == 'G' && frontv(*(n + 2)))
? (char) 'J' : (char) 'T';
break;
case 'G':
/*
* F if in -GH and not B--GH, D--GH,
* -H--GH, -H---GH else dropped if
* -GNED, -GN, -DGE-, -DGI-, -DGY-
* else J if in -GE-, -GI-, -GY- and
* not GG else K
*/
if ((*(n + 1) != 'J' || vowel(*(n + 2))) &&
(*(n + 1) != 'N' || ((n + 1) < n_end &&
(*(n + 2) != 'E' || *(n + 3) != 'D'))) &&
(*(n - 1) != 'D' || !frontv(*(n + 1))))
*Metaph++ = (frontv(*(n + 1)) &&
*(n + 2) != 'G') ? (char) 'G' : (char) 'K';
else if (*(n + 1) == 'H' && !noghf(*(n - 3)) &&
*(n - 4) != 'H')
*Metaph++ = 'F';
break;
case 'H':
/*
* H if before a vowel and not after
* C, G, P, S, T else dropped
*/
if (!varson(*(n - 1)) && (!vowel(*(n - 1)) ||
vowel(*(n + 1))))
*Metaph++ = 'H';
break;
case 'K':
/*
* dropped if after C else K
*/
if (*(n - 1) != 'C')
*Metaph++ = 'K';
break;
case 'P':
/*
* F if before H, else P
*/
*Metaph++ = *(n + 1) == 'H' ?
(char) 'F' : (char) 'P';
break;
case 'Q':
/*
* K
*/
*Metaph++ = 'K';
break;
case 'S':
/*
* X in -SH-, -SIO- or -SIA- else S
*/
*Metaph++ = (*(n + 1) == 'H' ||
(*(n + 1) == 'I' && (*(n + 2) == 'O' ||
*(n + 2) == 'A')))
? (char) 'X' : (char) 'S';
break;
case 'T':
/*
* X in -TIA- or -TIO- else 0 (zero)
* before H else dropped if in -TCH-
* else T
*/
if (*(n + 1) == 'I' && (*(n + 2) == 'O' ||
*(n + 2) == 'A'))
*Metaph++ = 'X';
else if (*(n + 1) == 'H')
*Metaph++ = '0';
else if (*(n + 1) != 'C' || *(n + 2) != 'H')
*Metaph++ = 'T';
break;
case 'V':
/*
* F
*/
*Metaph++ = 'F';
break;
case 'W':
/*
* W after a vowel, else dropped
*/
case 'Y':
/*
* Y unless followed by a vowel
*/
if (vowel(*(n + 1)))
*Metaph++ = *n;
break;
case 'X':
/*
* KS
*/
if (n == n_start)
*Metaph++ = 'S';
else {
*Metaph++ = 'K'; /* Insert K, then S */
KSflag = 1;
}
break;
case 'Z':
/*
* S
*/
*Metaph++ = 'S';
break;
}
}
}
*Metaph = 0; /* Null terminate */
return( ch_strdup( buf ) );
}
#endif /* SLAPD_METAPHONE */
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