// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bufio
import (
"bytes"
"errors"
"io"
"unicode/utf8"
)
// Scanner provides a convenient interface for reading data such as
// a file of newline-delimited lines of text. Successive calls to
// the Scan method will step through the 'tokens' of a file, skipping
// the bytes between the tokens. The specification of a token is
// defined by a split function of type SplitFunc; the default split
// function breaks the input into lines with line termination stripped. Split
// functions are defined in this package for scanning a file into
// lines, bytes, UTF-8-encoded runes, and space-delimited words. The
// client may instead provide a custom split function.
//
// Scanning stops unrecoverably at EOF, the first I/O error, or a token too
// large to fit in the buffer. When a scan stops, the reader may have
// advanced arbitrarily far past the last token. Programs that need more
// control over error handling or large tokens, or must run sequential scans
// on a reader, should use bufio.Reader instead.
//
type Scanner struct {
r io.Reader // The reader provided by the client.
split SplitFunc // The function to split the tokens.
maxTokenSize int // Maximum size of a token; modified by tests.
token []byte // Last token returned by split.
buf []byte // Buffer used as argument to split.
start int // First non-processed byte in buf.
end int // End of data in buf.
err error // Sticky error.
empties int // Count of successive empty tokens.
scanCalled bool // Scan has been called; buffer is in use.
done bool // Scan has finished.
}
// SplitFunc is the signature of the split function used to tokenize the
// input. The arguments are an initial substring of the remaining unprocessed
// data and a flag, atEOF, that reports whether the Reader has no more data
// to give. The return values are the number of bytes to advance the input
// and the next token to return to the user, if any, plus an error, if any.
//
// Scanning stops if the function returns an error, in which case some of
// the input may be discarded.
//
// Otherwise, the Scanner advances the input. If the token is not nil,
// the Scanner returns it to the user. If the token is nil, the
// Scanner reads more data and continues scanning; if there is no more
// data--if atEOF was true--the Scanner returns. If the data does not
// yet hold a complete token, for instance if it has no newline while
// scanning lines, a SplitFunc can return (0, nil, nil) to signal the
// Scanner to read more data into the slice and try again with a
// longer slice starting at the same point in the input.
//
// The function is never called with an empty data slice unless atEOF
// is true. If atEOF is true, however, data may be non-empty and,
// as always, holds unprocessed text.
type SplitFunc func(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error)
// Errors returned by Scanner.
var (
ErrTooLong = errors.New("bufio.Scanner: token too long")
ErrNegativeAdvance = errors.New("bufio.Scanner: SplitFunc returns negative advance count")
ErrAdvanceTooFar = errors.New("bufio.Scanner: SplitFunc returns advance count beyond input")
)
const (
// MaxScanTokenSize is the maximum size used to buffer a token
// unless the user provides an explicit buffer with Scanner.Buffer.
// The actual maximum token size may be smaller as the buffer
// may need to include, for instance, a newline.
MaxScanTokenSize = 64 * 1024
startBufSize = 4096 // Size of initial allocation for buffer.
)
// NewScanner returns a new Scanner to read from r.
// The split function defaults to ScanLines.
func NewScanner(r io.Reader) *Scanner {
return &Scanner{
r: r,
split: ScanLines,
maxTokenSize: MaxScanTokenSize,
}
}
// Err returns the first non-EOF error that was encountered by the Scanner.
func (s *Scanner) Err() error {
if s.err == io.EOF {
return nil
}
return s.err
}
// Bytes returns the most recent token generated by a call to Scan.
// The underlying array may point to data that will be overwritten
// by a subsequent call to Scan. It does no allocation.
func (s *Scanner) Bytes() []byte {
return s.token
}
// Text returns the most recent token generated by a call to Scan
// as a newly allocated string holding its bytes.
func (s *Scanner) Text() string {
return string(s.token)
}
// ErrFinalToken is a special sentinel error value. It is intended to be
// returned by a Split function to indicate that the token being delivered
// with the error is the last token and scanning should stop after this one.
// After ErrFinalToken is received by Scan, scanning stops with no error.
// The value is useful to stop processing early or when it is necessary to
// deliver a final empty token. One could achieve the same behavior
// with a custom error value but providing one here is tidier.
// See the emptyFinalToken example for a use of this value.
var ErrFinalToken = errors.New("final token")
// Scan advances the Scanner to the next token, which will then be
// available through the Bytes or Text method. It returns false when the
// scan stops, either by reaching the end of the input or an error.
// After Scan returns false, the Err method will return any error that
// occurred during scanning, except that if it was io.EOF, Err
// will return nil.
// Scan panics if the split function returns too many empty
// tokens without advancing the input. This is a common error mode for
// scanners.
func (s *Scanner) Scan() bool {
if s.done {
return false
}
s.scanCalled = true
// Loop until we have a token.
for {
// See if we can get a token with what we already have.
// If we've run out of data but have an error, give the split function
// a chance to recover any remaining, possibly empty token.
if s.end > s.start || s.err != nil {
advance, token, err := s.split(s.buf[s.start:s.end], s.err != nil)
if err != nil {
if err == ErrFinalToken {
s.token = token
s.done = true
return true
}
s.setErr(err)
return false
}
if !s.advance(advance) {
return false
}
s.token = token
if token != nil {
if s.err == nil || advance > 0 {
s.empties = 0
} else {
// Returning tokens not advancing input at EOF.
s.empties++
if s.empties > maxConsecutiveEmptyReads {
panic("bufio.Scan: too many empty tokens without progressing")
}
}
return true
}
}
// We cannot generate a token with what we are holding.
// If we've already hit EOF or an I/O error, we are done.
if s.err != nil {
// Shut it down.
s.start = 0
s.end = 0
return false
}
// Must read more data.
// First, shift data to beginning of buffer if there's lots of empty space
// or space is needed.
if s.start > 0 && (s.end == len(s.buf) || s.start > len(s.buf)/2) {
copy(s.buf, s.buf[s.start:s.end])
s.end -= s.start
s.start = 0
}
// Is the buffer full? If so, resize.
if s.end == len(s.buf) {
// Guarantee no overflow in the multiplication below.
const maxInt = int(^uint(0) >> 1)
if len(s.buf) >= s.maxTokenSize || len(s.buf) > maxInt/2 {
s.setErr(ErrTooLong)
return false
}
newSize := len(s.buf) * 2
if newSize == 0 {
newSize = startBufSize
}
if newSize > s.maxTokenSize {
newSize = s.maxTokenSize
}
newBuf := make([]byte, newSize)
copy(newBuf, s.buf[s.start:s.end])
s.buf = newBuf
s.end -= s.start
s.start = 0
}
// Finally we can read some input. Make sure we don't get stuck with
// a misbehaving Reader. Officially we don't need to do this, but let's
// be extra careful: Scanner is for safe, simple jobs.
for loop := 0; ; {
n, err := s.r.Read(s.buf[s.end:len(s.buf)])
s.end += n
if err != nil {
s.setErr(err)
break
}
if n > 0 {
s.empties = 0
break
}
loop++
if loop > maxConsecutiveEmptyReads {
s.setErr(io.ErrNoProgress)
break
}
}
}
}
// advance consumes n bytes of the buffer. It reports whether the advance was legal.
func (s *Scanner) advance(n int) bool {
if n < 0 {
s.setErr(ErrNegativeAdvance)
return false
}
if n > s.end-s.start {
s.setErr(ErrAdvanceTooFar)
return false
}
s.start += n
return true
}
// setErr records the first error encountered.
func (s *Scanner) setErr(err error) {
if s.err == nil || s.err == io.EOF {
s.err = err
}
}
// Buffer sets the initial buffer to use when scanning and the maximum
// size of buffer that may be allocated during scanning. The maximum
// token size is the larger of max and cap(buf). If max <= cap(buf),
// Scan will use this buffer only and do no allocation.
//
// By default, Scan uses an internal buffer and sets the
// maximum token size to MaxScanTokenSize.
//
// Buffer panics if it is called after scanning has started.
func (s *Scanner) Buffer(buf []byte, max int) {
if s.scanCalled {
panic("Buffer called after Scan")
}
s.buf = buf[0:cap(buf)]
s.maxTokenSize = max
}
// Split sets the split function for the Scanner.
// The default split function is ScanLines.
//
// Split panics if it is called after scanning has started.
func (s *Scanner) Split(split SplitFunc) {
if s.scanCalled {
panic("Split called after Scan")
}
s.split = split
}
// Split functions
// ScanBytes is a split function for a Scanner that returns each byte as a token.
func ScanBytes(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
if atEOF && len(data) == 0 {
return 0, nil, nil
}
return 1, data[0:1], nil
}
var errorRune = []byte(string(utf8.RuneError))
// ScanRunes is a split function for a Scanner that returns each
// UTF-8-encoded rune as a token. The sequence of runes returned is
// equivalent to that from a range loop over the input as a string, which
// means that erroneous UTF-8 encodings translate to U+FFFD = "\xef\xbf\xbd".
// Because of the Scan interface, this makes it impossible for the client to
// distinguish correctly encoded replacement runes from encoding errors.
func ScanRunes(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
if atEOF && len(data) == 0 {
return 0, nil, nil
}
// Fast path 1: ASCII.
if data[0] < utf8.RuneSelf {
return 1, data[0:1], nil
}
// Fast path 2: Correct UTF-8 decode without error.
_, width := utf8.DecodeRune(data)
if width > 1 {
// It's a valid encoding. Width cannot be one for a correctly encoded
// non-ASCII rune.
return width, data[0:width], nil
}
// We know it's an error: we have width==1 and implicitly r==utf8.RuneError.
// Is the error because there wasn't a full rune to be decoded?
// FullRune distinguishes correctly between erroneous and incomplete encodings.
if !atEOF && !utf8.FullRune(data) {
// Incomplete; get more bytes.
return 0, nil, nil
}
// We have a real UTF-8 encoding error. Return a properly encoded error rune
// but advance only one byte. This matches the behavior of a range loop over
// an incorrectly encoded string.
return 1, errorRune, nil
}
// dropCR drops a terminal \r from the data.
func dropCR(data []byte) []byte {
if len(data) > 0 && data[len(data)-1] == '\r' {
return data[0 : len(data)-1]
}
return data
}
// ScanLines is a split function for a Scanner that returns each line of
// text, stripped of any trailing end-of-line marker. The returned line may
// be empty. The end-of-line marker is one optional carriage return followed
// by one mandatory newline. In regular expression notation, it is `\r?\n`.
// The last non-empty line of input will be returned even if it has no
// newline.
func ScanLines(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
if atEOF && len(data) == 0 {
return 0, nil, nil
}
if i := bytes.IndexByte(data, '\n'); i >= 0 {
// We have a full newline-terminated line.
return i + 1, dropCR(data[0:i]), nil
}
// If we're at EOF, we have a final, non-terminated line. Return it.
if atEOF {
return len(data), dropCR(data), nil
}
// Request more data.
return 0, nil, nil
}
// isSpace reports whether the character is a Unicode white space character.
// We avoid dependency on the unicode package, but check validity of the implementation
// in the tests.
func isSpace(r rune) bool {
if r <= '\u00FF' {
// Obvious ASCII ones: \t through \r plus space. Plus two Latin-1 oddballs.
switch r {
case ' ', '\t', '\n', '\v', '\f', '\r':
return true
case '\u0085', '\u00A0':
return true
}
return false
}
// High-valued ones.
if '\u2000' <= r && r <= '\u200a' {
return true
}
switch r {
case '\u1680', '\u2028', '\u2029', '\u202f', '\u205f', '\u3000':
return true
}
return false
}
// ScanWords is a split function for a Scanner that returns each
// space-separated word of text, with surrounding spaces deleted. It will
// never return an empty string. The definition of space is set by
// unicode.IsSpace.
func ScanWords(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
// Skip leading spaces.
start := 0
for width := 0; start < len(data); start += width {
var r rune
r, width = utf8.DecodeRune(data[start:])
if !isSpace(r) {
break
}
}
// Scan until space, marking end of word.
for width, i := 0, start; i < len(data); i += width {
var r rune
r, width = utf8.DecodeRune(data[i:])
if isSpace(r) {
return i + width, data[start:i], nil
}
}
// If we're at EOF, we have a final, non-empty, non-terminated word. Return it.
if atEOF && len(data) > start {
return len(data), data[start:], nil
}
// Request more data.
return start, nil, nil
}
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